Carbohydrates are the most abundant elements in food. We find a lot of them in fruits (bananas, dried fruits, vegetables ...), fresh vegetables (rice, potato, carrot, cucumber ...) but also dried vegetables (dried beans, lentils), pasta, bread , cereals, milk, sugar ...
Athletes should pay close attention to foods high in carbohydrates (pasta, rice ...) because they allow them to store a quickly and easily usable energy.
Carbohydrates are a source of energy quickly consumed by the body. There are two kinds of carbohydrates:
- Simple carbohydrates will be directly degraded by digestive enzymes and saliva in order to be immediately converted into energy.
- Complex carbohydrates will be transformed into glucose and glycogen to be stored in the liver and muscles. They become an energy storage.
Our daily requirement is about 4 g carbohydrate per kilogram per day. (Example: 40kg person should eat the equivalent of 160g of carbohydrate per day). It is estimated that 4g of carbohydrates equals 4 calories that will be converted into 17kJ of energy.